Lignin is a major component of lignocellulosic biomass along with cellulose and hemicellulose, currently underutilized with the bulk of technical lignin being combusted for heat generation in plant.From the technoeconomic perspective, the success of a future biorefinery is highly dependent on lignin valorization.However, structural complexity, hete

This paper has demonstrated the design aspects for inland water units working in the River Nile.The acting loads and stresses induced within the structural elements of Nile barges are still water bending moment and stresses, local hydrostatic pressure and local stresses.The objective of this work is to rationalize the design procedure Bongo using t